Which of the following is a likely maternal or fetal risk associated with chronic hypertension in pregnancy?

The association between chronic hypertension and an increased likelihood of cesarean delivery is well supported in clinical practice. Women with chronic hypertension may encounter several complications during pregnancy, such as placental issues, fetal growth restriction, and an increased risk of emergency situations during labor. These complications can ultimately necessitate a cesarean delivery to safeguard the health of both the mother and the fetus.

In contrast, other options do not align with the established effects of chronic hypertension. For instance, increased chances of spontaneous vaginal delivery would not typically be expected, as the presence of chronic hypertension is more commonly linked with complications that can complicate labor and delivery. Improved fetal growth is generally contrary to what is observed, as chronic hypertension may lead to fetal growth restriction. Similarly, decreased maternal blood pressure fluctuations are unlikely, as chronic hypertension can result in unstable blood pressure levels, leading to heightened risks during pregnancy. Thus, the connection between chronic hypertension and the increased need for cesarean delivery is a significant consideration for managing these patients effectively during pregnancy and childbirth.