What is the primary risk associated with untreated chronic hypertension during pregnancy?

The primary risk associated with untreated chronic hypertension during pregnancy is the potential for fetal growth restriction and placental abruption. Chronic hypertension can lead to several serious complications for both the mother and the fetus. Specifically, elevated blood pressure can compromise blood flow to the placenta, resulting in insufficient nutrient and oxygen delivery to the fetus. This can cause fetal growth restriction, where the developing fetus does not grow adequately, leading to potential developmental issues and an increased risk of stillbirth.

Additionally, chronic hypertension is associated with an increased risk of placental abruption, a condition where the placenta separates prematurely from the uterine wall. This can lead to significant maternal and fetal complications, including heavy bleeding, preterm birth, and adverse outcomes for the fetus.

In contrast, maternal anemia, gestational diabetes, and preterm labor, while still relevant to pregnancy management, are not the primary complications directly resulting from untreated chronic hypertension. Thus, the emphasis on fetal growth restriction and placental abruption highlights the critical need for careful monitoring and management of chronic hypertension during pregnancy.