What is the effect of maternal hypertension on placental function?

Maternal hypertension has a significant impact on placental function, particularly leading to impairment in placental perfusion. When a mother experiences high blood pressure, it can constrict the blood vessels and result in reduced blood flow to the placenta. This reduction in blood flow can lead to a variety of complications, such as placental insufficiency, where the placenta is unable to effectively deliver oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus.

This impaired perfusion can cause situations where the fetus is not receiving adequate nutrients or oxygen, which can ultimately affect fetal growth and development. The concern with reduced placental function highlights the risk of adverse outcomes, such as intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth. Thus, understanding that maternal hypertension compromises placental perfusion underscores the importance of monitoring and managing hypertension during pregnancy to ensure optimal outcomes for both mother and baby.