What complications can gestational hypertension cause for the fetus?

Gestational hypertension can lead to serious complications for the fetus, with intrauterine growth restriction and premature birth being two of the most significant risks. When the mother experiences elevated blood pressure, it can affect the blood flow to the placenta, which is crucial for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the growing fetus. This compromised blood flow can result in intrauterine growth restriction, where the fetus does not grow as expected and is smaller than average.

Additionally, gestational hypertension increases the likelihood of premature birth, as it can prompt early delivery to protect the health of both the mother and the baby. Premature birth carries its own set of complications, including respiratory distress syndrome and other developmental challenges for the infant. These risks underscore the importance of monitoring and managing hypertension during pregnancy to safeguard fetal health.

Other options present aspects that either don't relate to the direct consequences of gestational hypertension or minimize its impact, which is why they do not represent the primary complications associated with this condition.