In pregnant patients, what is a common adverse effect associated with magnesium sulfate?

Magnesium sulfate is commonly used in obstetric care, especially for the management of preeclampsia and eclampsia, as it serves as a neuroprotective agent for the fetus and helps to control seizures in the mother. However, one of the known adverse effects of magnesium sulfate is respiratory depression. This occurs because magnesium can depress the central nervous system, leading to decreased respiratory drive and potential respiratory failure if levels become excessively high.

Monitoring is crucial during magnesium sulfate administration to ensure that the serum magnesium levels remain within a therapeutic range and to promptly identify any signs of respiratory compromise. This highlights the importance of awareness among healthcare providers regarding the potential for respiratory depression in patients receiving this treatment, as it requires timely intervention to manage any adverse effects effectively.

While increased risk of infection, elevated blood sugars, and increased urinary output may occur in various contexts, they are not commonly associated directly with magnesium sulfate administration. Therefore, recognizing respiratory depression as a significant possibility helps providers ensure safe management of patients receiving magnesium sulfate during pregnancy.